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What is Cardano and how does it work?

Vidhu Bajaj avatar
Vidhu Bajaj
- 3 min read
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Cardano is a blockchain platform with a native token called ADA. Cardano was launched in 2017 by Charles Hoskinson, a co-founder of Ethereum. Cardano is seen as a “greener” alternative to popular public blockchain platforms such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, as its underlying proof-of-stake protocol, Ouroboros, consumes less electricity than the proof-of-work ones used by competitors. ADA is currently the world’s largest cryptocurrency to use proof of stake. 

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This article is over two years old, last updated on June 8, 2022. While RateCity makes best efforts to update every important article regularly, the information in this piece may not be as relevant as it once was. Alternatively, please consider checking recent cryptocurrency articles.

The difference between proof of work and proof of stake

As cryptocurrencies are not controlled by regulators or banks, they need a way to verify transactions. The verification is carried out by network nodes, often called miners. Currently, most cryptocurrencies use a protocol called proof of work, while Cardano uses proof of stake.

In a proof-of-work protocol, miners compete to solve complex arbitrary mathematical puzzles. The first miner to solve the problem gets to add a block to the blockchain and earns rewards. This means that computing power throughout the world is being used to solve the same problems and consume substantial energy. With growing concern about how crypto mining affects the planet, proof-of-stake protocols offer an alternative that consumes less energy. 

Instead of having to solve puzzles, Cardano’s Ouroboros protocol allows stake pool operators to stake their ADA coins to get their blocks added to the blockchain. The amount of stake delegated to a given stake pool determines who is chosen to add the next block to the blockchain and earn a reward for doing so. The higher the stake delegated, the more likely it is that the block will be chosen. When this happens, the earned rewards are shared by all those who delegated their stake to that stake pool.

How can you earn from Cardano staking?

You can participate on the Cardano platform by becoming a stake pool operator. This way, you earn ADA and also contribute to the decentralisation of the Cardano network. Once you have ADA in your Cardano wallet, you have a stake in the network, proportional to the amount of ADA you hold. You can then earn rewards by delegating your stake to a stake pool that another operator is running. Or you can decide to run your own stake pool.

How can I buy ADA?

You can buy or sell ADA using Australian dollars or another cryptocurrency on exchanges such as Swyftx, Coinspot, Digital Surge, and others. Check the ADA price at the time when you want to buy. You may also want to follow Cardano news and ADA price trends to perform your own analysis and decide whether you want to invest in this coin. 

Cardano wallets

To hold your ADA, Cardano recommends either the Daedalus or Yoroi wallet. Daedalus is currently available only as a PC application and not in a mobile version. This wallet downloads a full copy of the Cardano blockchain and validates each transaction. On the other hand, Yoroi is a light, easy to install, browser-based wallet. 

Once you’ve got some ADA in your Cardano wallet, you can decide whether you want primarily to trade or to stake, or both.

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This article was reviewed by Personal Finance Editor Alex Ritchie before it was published as part of RateCity's Fact Check process.